smith



(No Model.)

4 Sheets--Sheet 1. 0. M. SMITH.

RAILWAY GAR.

N0. 366,519. Patented July 12, 1887.

4 Sheets-Sheet 2. 0. M. SMITH.

RAILWAY GAR.

(No Model.)

No. 366,519. Pateht-ed July 12, 1887.

(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 3.

- O. M. SMITH.

RAILWAY GAR.

No. 366,519. Patented July 12, 1887.

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N. PETERs Phom-Lnno m hur. Washingiflm DV 2.

(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 4-.

0. M. SMITH.

RAILWAY GAR.

No. 366,619. Patented July 12, 1887.

60122165593 men/Z02 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES M. SMITH, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TO LEWIS J.

BIRD, TRUSTEE, OF SAME PLACE.-

RAILWAY-CAR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 366,519, dated July 12, 1887.

(No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, CHARLES M. SMITH, of

- Boston, county of Suffolk, and State of Massachusetts, have invented an Improvement in Railway-Oars, of which the following description, in connection with the accompanying drawings, is a specification, like letters on th drawings representing like parts.

This invention has for its object to increase the safety, strength, and durability, and to decrease the weight and cost of manufacture of railway-cars, both those employed for passengers and for transportation purposes.

The joint application, Serial No. 180, 949, filed October 26, 1885, by O. A. Smith and 0. M. Smith, shows a railway-car constructed in accordance with my invention, the said car being ventilated in the novel manner set forth in the said application. j c

In accordance with my present invention my improved car is composed chiefly and preferably entirely of metal, and preferably of lowgrade steel-such as used in tank-work-the metal being in sheets riveted together to form a long and somewhat circular body, the latter being strengthened at and below the floor-line with peculiar keelsons and cross-braces, the interior of the body being supported at proper intervals by means of annular ribbed braces preferably made hollow both for lightness coupled with strength, and for use as ducts or inlets for air to the interior of the car, either above or belowthe floor, or both, as may be desired, the said ducts communicating with airpassages in the monitor top mounted upon the car-roof, substantially as shown in the application above referred to.

The car-body is provided with spaces for windows, the frames of which are made of metal and provided with flanges to receive bolts, by which to attach them to and so as to project from the car-body after the manner of dormer-windows, each window-frame having preferably a metal sash. The car-body is also provided externally with long reservoirs or receptacles for gas, which latter will be filled with gas from proper reservoirs, the gas passing therefrom into the car-body through suitable pipes and fixtures, the said reservoirs,be-

sides holding gas, aiding in strengthening the car-body longitudinally.

The car-body, in order to secure therein ample space, within the established standardwidth and height for car-bodies, is shaped externally, so that its circumferential wall falls in the arc of three different circles, substantially the upper half of the body being disposed in one circle, while the two lower sides and the bottom of the body are disposed in arcs of two other circles, as will be shown in the drawings.

The bolster,which sustains the body on the truck, is made of metal and is curved at its top to fit the convexity of the body, and is flat at its bottom or under side to fit the bearings on the truck.

The particular features in which my invention consist will be pointed out in the claims at the end of this specification.

Figure l in side elevation, partially broken out, representsa sufficient. portion of a railway passenger car embodying my improvements to enable my invention to be understood. Fig. 2 is a plan view, with part of the monitor roof and of the top of the car-body and of the side walls broken out. Fig. 3 is a section of Fig. 1 on line at as, looking toward the right; Fig. 4, a section of Fig. 1 on line 00 00', looking in the same direct-ion. Fig. 5 is a detail showing the top of the floor of the car, the latter being partially broken out to show the keelsons, cross-braces, floor-beams, and spaces between the keelsons, and then at the right the parts last referred to as below the floor are all broken away, except the smokepipes, they being above the bottom or under side of the car body. Fig. 6, on a large scale, represents one of the window-frames; Figs. 7 and 8, vertical and cross sections of the same; and Fig. 9 an enlarged partial cross section of the car-body to show the manner of strengthening it on the inside.

The car-body A is composed of numerous sheets or plates of metalriveted together at their edges, as at a, the edges preferably being abutted and strapped at the inner sides, the points of junction being immaterial, so long as the joints are broken, or not made continuous circumferentially or longitudinally.

As herein shown, the curve of the body from' about the middle of its height over its top side is struck from the dot 2. (See Fig.4.) The bottom of the body, of greater curvature, is Struck from the dot 3, and the sides from the bottom upward for part of the height of the car are in a curve-struck from the dots 4.

The body is provided at'its upper side with. a monitor top composed of metal plates joined to the body and together to form air-passages, substantially asshown and described in the above-mentioned application.

The car-body is strengthened on its inside by ribbed braces D, (see Figs. 3, 4, and 9,) which preferably form ducts or channels for conveying the air from the monitor top to beneath the car-floor a, as in the application e e, which divide the space between the floor a. and the inner side of the car-body (see Figs. 3 and 4) into air-spaces d d. The keelsons, e, nearest the longitudinal center of the car-body are made of two plates of steel flanged at their edges, the flanges along one edge of each plate being of such shape as to permit the plates to be connected together along one edge andpresent an,A-shaped keelson, the flanged feet of the A-shaped keelsons being riveted to the interior of the bottom of the car-body, while the apex of each of the said keelsons serves as the' main support forthe floor a.

The keelsons e are made of single plates flanged at each edge and fixed by rivets or otherwise to both the floor and body, as best shown in Figs. 3, 4, and 5, the said keelsons 6 being in practice prolonged beyond the ends of the body, as shown in application Serial No. 213,242 by like letters, to support the entire platform at each end of the car-body.

The keelsons e e in practice have openings 15 at suitable intervals, as shown in Fig. 9, in number sufficient to enable a uniform circulation of air to be maintained in the spaces below the floor a and between it and the carbody. These keelsons, made, as described, of steel and flanged, are of great strength, yet not very heavy. The said keelsons, at suitable intervals, are sustained against lateral flexure by cross-braces d, (see Fig. 5,) flangednecessarily be more numerous than in a passenger-car. The centralspace, d, will receive in it the smoke-pipef and other pipes in connection with the furnace or furnaces for heat-- ing the car, the said pipes and furnaces being shown and claimed in another application, Serial No. 213,237, filed September 10, 1886, to which reference may be had. 7

The sides of the body of the car are provided at frequent intervals with openings for "the reception of the window-frames herein shaped like dormer-windows, and composed each of a" metal casing, L,extended into an opening at the side of the car-body, and riveted or bolted thereto, preferably, as shown in Fig. 7, by a flanged strip, the top of the said frame extending farthest from the outerside of the car-body.

The top of the frame L is protectedby a metal cap,composed, as shown, of a plate, L,

and a front plate, L, riveted or otherwise attached together and to the car-body and frame L.

Below the frame L, and about the opening therein,we may, if desired, add an ornamental sill and front beading, as at L L. V I

The sash'g, composed of metal and provided with a glass, g, is set into the window-frame between front beading and a guide, the sash when raised entering the space 9.

The lower side of the car-body rests upon a bolster, M, concaved at its upper side to aid in holding the body in place against lateral strain, the under side of the bolster resting on bearings of the trucks N,of any usual or suitable construction.

The car-body, at its outer side and near its lower part,is provided with two reservoirs, T T, of metal,mad e trough-shaped andbolted or riveted to the car-body, the joint between the parts being made gas-tight, the said reservoirs receiving gas from a suitable gasometer or other source of supply. (Not shown.) If desired, gas-pipes k may be placed in the said .reservoirs to hold the gas, ,and 'insuch event The reservoir, besides IIO keelsons and other parts below it by suitable I screws, h

The car-body will or may be divided by partition-walls to constitute apartments such as now ordinarily found in cars.

In Fig. 2 the right-hand end of the car-body is shown as provided with two apartments or closets. v i

The tubular, body is terminated and closed by ends A",composed of one or more sheets or plates ofmetal cut out or provided with openings for the usual windows and door in the end of the car, and not herein shown, the casing for the windows and doors being of metal.

The ribbed braces D, madehollow to form air ducts or passages from the monitor top to below the car-floor, and which strengthen the car on its inside, are provided with flanges 10, to which rods R are secured.

The rods R serve to secure in place a sheathing, of reticulated metal, which rests upon a lining of felt or other material, and which forms a backing for the upholstery of the car, the said lining and upholstery being not herein shown and claimed, as they form the subjectmatter of another application, Serial No. 215,543, filed October 7, 1886.

I claim- 1. A car-body composed of metal plates riveted together, and having its top, bottom, and sides of different curvatures, combined with keelsons extended longitudinally from end to end of the car-body and'the floor a, supported on the said keelsons, and cross-braces -for thekeelsons, substantially as described.

2. A carbody composed of metal plates riveted together, and having its top, bottom, and sides of different curvature and provided with window-spaces along its sides, combined with metallic dormer-window frames L, bolted or riveted to the metallic body, as set forth, and the cap L U, and sliding sash, the latter, when lifted, entering the space 9 in the said cap, substantially as described.

3. The metallic car-body composed of metal plates riveted together, and having its top, bottom, and sides of different curvature, and the floor a, combined with two or more keelsons at each side of the longitudinal center of the car, the said keelsons being provided with openings for the circulation of air in the spaces below the floor and between it and the body and the keelsons, substantially as described.

4. The metallic car-body composed of plates or sheets riveted together, and having its top, bottom, and sides of different curvatures, and the floor a, combined with keelsons extended longitudinally through the car-body and beyond the ends to support the platform, substantially as described.

5. A car-body composed of metal plates riveted together, and having its top, bottom, and sides of different curvature, combined with keelsons e 6, extended longitudinally from end to end of the car-body, and the floor a, supported on said keelsons, substantially as described.

6. A carbody composed of metal plates riveted together, and having its top, bottom, and sides of different curvature, and flanged braces D, secured to the inside of the car-body, combined with keelsons extended longitudinally from end to end of the car-body, and the floor a, supported on said keelsons, substantially as described.

7. The metallic car-body having its top, bottom, and sides of different curvatures, and the braces D, provided with flanges 10, combined with the rods R, connecting the said braces, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

. CHARLES M. SMITH.

WVitnesses:

F. L. EMERY, J. H. CHURCHILL. 

